According to the Market Statsville Group (MSG), the global cell cryopreservation market size is expected to grow from USD 3,122.9 million in 2022 to USD 19,381.6 million by 2033, growing at a CAGR of 18.6% from 2023 to 2033.
The increasing demand for long-term storage of cells, tissues, and organs for use in research, drug development, and cell-based therapies are the factors that drive the market’s growth. Cryopreservation allows for the preservation of cells and tissues at extremely low temperatures, preventing cellular damage and preserving their functionality. This process is particularly important for the storage of stem cells, which have the potential to differentiate into various cell types and have significant therapeutic potential. Moreover, advancements in cryopreservation technologies, including automated cryopreservation systems, have increased the process's efficiency, accuracy, and safety, further fueling the market's growth. The increasing prevalence of chronic diseases, such as cancer, is driving the demand for personalized medicine, which relies on the use of cryopreserved cells and tissues for diagnosis and treatment.
Cell cryopreservation is a process of freezing cells at extremely low temperatures, usually in the range of -80°C to -196°C, to preserve them for long-term storage. This process allows for preserving cell viability, functionality, and genetic stability, which is crucial for various applications such as research, drug development, and cell-based therapies. The process typically involves adding a cryoprotective agent to the cell suspension, gradually cooling the cells, and then storing them in liquid nitrogen or a similar low-temperature storage facility. Cell cryopreservation is particularly important for the storage of stem cells, which have significant therapeutic potential, and other fragile or sensitive cell types.
The COVID-19 pandemic has had a mixed impact on the cell cryopreservation market. On the one hand, the pandemic has significantly increased the demand for cryopreserved cells for COVID-19 research, drug development, and vaccine production. This has led to an increased demand for advanced cryopreservation technologies and services to support the development and testing of COVID-19 treatments and vaccines. Additionally, the pandemic has led to a renewed focus on the importance of biobanking and the long-term storage of critical biological samples for future research. While, the pandemic has also led to disruptions in the global supply chain, which has affected the production and distribution of cryopreservation equipment, consumables, and services. Moreover, the pandemic has also led to significant budget cuts for research and development in some industries, which may have affected the demand for cryopreservation services. The pandemic has also reduced the availability of skilled personnel and resources, which may have affected the quality and efficiency of cryopreservation services.
The rising number of initiatives taken by government bodies, universities, and pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies to encourage biotechnology research is one of the major factors that positively impact market growth in the US. In April 2020, the National Institutes of Health (NIH) declared the launch of a public-private partnership to speed up the COVID-19 vaccine and treatment options. More than 10 biopharmaceutical firms are involved in this partnership, which includes several leading firms across the globe. Some of these include AbbVie, Amgen, AstraZeneca, Bristol Myers Squibb, Johnson & Johnson, Eli Lilly and Company, and more. This NIH initiative will support further leveraging the delivery of highly required therapies for COVID-19 patients across the globe.
Cell cryopreservation helps researchers and scientists to create new drugs in the market. Each year, the U.S. pharmaceutical sector creates several novel medications that offer significant medical advantages. However, a significant number of these drugs come at a high cost, causing healthcare expenses to surge for both private organizations and the federal government. In 2019, the pharmaceutical industry allocated $83 billion for research and development, which, when adjusted for inflation, is approximately ten times more than what the industry spent yearly during the 1980s. In comparison to the prior decade, between 2010 and 2019, there was a 60% increase in the number of new medications authorized for sale, culminating in 59 new drugs being approved in 2018. The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) has received the National Institute for Innovation in Manufacturing Biopharmaceuticals (NIIMBL) $153 million in new funding, including $70 million to extend federal funding for NIIMBL for another five years and an additional $83 million for coronavirus response projects under the American Rescue Plan (ARP), according to the organization. NIIMBL is a public-private collaboration that is part of Manufacturing USA, a network of federally funded manufacturing innovation institutes. It is funded by a partnership deal with the US Department of Commerce's NIST as well as its members. The new projects selected will help NIIMBL extend its portfolio in the fields of cell and gene therapy manufacturing and vaccine stability. Thus, a rise in demand for cell cryopreservation in pharmaceutical and biotech companies will drive market growth.
Lyophilization is an alternative to the cryopreservation. Besides, cryopreservation is the freezing of cells and tissues to cryogenic temperatures in order to preserve them. It is presently the only method that allows for years to decades of long-term preservation of live cells and tissues. Cryopreserved cells have complex biology. The production of ice particles damages the cell organelles and membrane, causing cell death. The use of CPAs can help to minimize damaging ice formation within and outside the cells, which is essential for successful cryopreservation.
Further, Lyophilization (or freeze-drying) is the process of transferring ice directly to the gas phase without passing through the intermediate liquid phase, resulting in the removal of frozen water from a frozen sample by sublimation. Lyophilization has a long history of effective usage in medicine and the food industry, but lyophilization technologies for cell preservation were not accessible until recently. Osiris Therapeutics, Inc. has developed a lyophilization technique for preserving living cells in tissues, enabling for long-term preservation at room temperature without affecting cell viability.
The first commercial use of this lyotechnology will be for placental cell-based products. Lyotechnology's full potential is still being researched and developed. This method's capacity to maintain vascularized tissues and organs must be studied more. It will take time for lyotechnology to optimize cell production and storage. Lyotechnology, on the other hand, is predicted to impact the widespread use of cellular therapies positively and could transform cell and tissue banking.
Biotechnology improvements in recent years have provided an opportunity to enhance the final outcome of cell cryopreservation. Biotechnology, in general, refers to the use of scientific techniques to the study and treatment of problems involving living organisms. The research summarizes the uses and achievements of various advanced biotechnology tools used in cell cryopreservation in this review. Among them are trehalose delivery, hydrogel-based cell encapsulation, droplet-based cell printing, and nano warming. All of these techniques aim to improve cell cryopreservation while reducing or eliminating cryoprotectant (CPA) toxicity.
Among these advanced biotechnologies for cell cryopreservation, Trehalose is a nontoxic sugar or non-permeating disaccharide obtained from invertebrates, fungi, and plants, which is used as a bio-inspired CPA to protect cells or organisms against cryopreservation associated toxicity and injuries to medically applicable cells. It encourages preferential hydration required by cellular biomolecules and eases the formation of a stable glassy matrix for maintaining their vital metabolic activities. The organism uses trehalose for energy, and it provides extracellular protection due to its lower permeability. It is used with organic solvents such as CPAs (glycerol or DMSO) for intracellular cryopreservation. Advanced biotechnology tools are used to prevent organic solvent-induced toxicity and deliver trehalose into cells to anticipate extracellular and intracellular cryopreservation.
The study categorizes the cell cryopreservation market based on cryoprotectant agents, process, and end-user area at the regional and global levels.
Based on the process, the market is divided into fully stem cells, oocytes and embryos, sperm, semen, testicular tissue, hepatocytes, and others. The stem cells segment is expected to dominate the market share in 2022 in the global cell cryopreservation market. Stem cells are unique cells, can differentiate into several specialized cells and tissues in the body, and are therefore being used in a wide range of medical applications. However, the therapeutic potential of stem cells can only be realized if they are preserved effectively, and cryopreservation is the most common method used for long-term storage. As the demand for stem cells increases, so does the demand for effective cryopreservation solutions. The market for stem cell cryopreservation is being driven by various factors, including the increasing number of stem cell banks, the growing number of clinical trials involving stem cells, and the increasing focus on regenerative medicine.
Based on the regions, the global cell cryopreservation market has been segmented across Europe, North America, the Middle East & Africa, Asia-Pacific, and South America. North America is projected to account for the highest market share in 2022. The region has a highly developed healthcare system, advanced research and development infrastructure, and a well-established regulatory framework, all of which have contributed to the market's growth. The rising prevalence of chronic diseases and increasing demand for personalized medicines are driving the growth of the cell cryopreservation market in North America. The region is also home to many biobanks, research institutes, and pharmaceutical companies involved in stem cell research and regenerative medicine, further fueling the demand for cell cryopreservation solutions.
The cell cryopreservation market is a significant competitor, and extremely cutthroat in the sector are using strategies including product launches, partnerships, acquisitions, agreements, and growth to enhance their market positions. Most sector businesses focus on increasing their operations worldwide and cultivating long-lasting partnerships.
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